Social Responsibility Theory - 1420 Words

Social Responsibility Theory To combat the pressures that threatened freedom of the press, this theory was first introduced in 1947 and was recommended by the Hutchins Commission on Freedom of the Press. It stated that the media should serve the public, and in order to do so, should remain free of government interference. It defined guidelines that the media should follow in order to fulfill its obligation of serving the public. Ethics and the Media The Social Responsibility Theory claimed that the media could be self-regulating by adhering to the following precepts: †¢ Media has obligations to fulfill to a democratic society in order to preserve freedom. †¢ Media should be self-regulated. †¢ Media should have high†¦show more content†¦Due for publication in 2010, this standard will encourage voluntary commitment to social responsibility and will lead to common guidance on concepts, definitions and methods of evaluation. (ISO, 2009) The standard describes itself as a guide for dialogue and action, not a constraining or certifiable management standard. Social Responsibility |[pi|Practiced in the US in the 20th century | |c] | | |[pi|Purpose is to inform, entertain, sell, but also to raise conflict to the plane of discussion | |c] | | |[pi|Ownership is private | |c] | | The social responsibility theory is an outgrowth of the libertarian theory. However, social responsibility goes beyond objective reporting to interpretive reporting. A truthful, complete account of the news is not necessarily enough today, notes the Commission on the Freedom ofShow MoreRelatedTheories Of The Social Responsibility Theory863 Words   |  4 PagesMany theories that are postmodern theories are related to reality in mediated communication than most of the modern global theories. According to Kamalipour (2006), â€Å"One of the earliest attempts to think about media internationally was a book published in the 1950s entitled Four Theories of the Press (Siebert, Peterson, Schramm, 1956). Its authors set out to create what is sometimes called a taxonomy, which means dividing up all the various versions and aspects of a topic into systemic categoriesRead MoreObjectivity And The Social Responsibility Theory936 Words   |  4 PagesPart I: Objectivity in journalism is claimed by many media sources yet is one of the hardest things to find when searching the news. An objective view in journalism associates itself with the social responsibi lity theory, in which a person must provide a variety of views for a piece of information given to the public (Grossber 383). While many journalists may claim they are objective, this type of communication to the public is difficult to achieve, as a natural bias develops within a person fromRead MoreSocial Responsibility And Shareholder Theory808 Words   |  4 Pagescorporation is extracted from society a certain income, they therefore obliged him to pay. What is a social responsibility of business today? What should do executives only satisfy shareholders or they have also obligations to society? One of the most famous studies about social responsibility and shareholder theory presents in the article of economist Milton Friedman named â€Å"The Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits†, which has been published in 1970n. In this article authorRead MoreSocial Responsibility in Stakeholder Theory1509 Words   |  7 Pages 2. Social responsibility in stakeholder theory 3 2.1 Why social responsibility? 3 3. Limitations 4 4. Case study examples: Starbucks amp; Nike 4 5. Conclusion 5 6. References 6 7. Appendixes 9 Appendix A 9 Appendix B 10 1. Introduction This report focuses on social responsibility issue focusing on stakeholder theory. Social responsibility will be introduced and defined based on stakeholder theory. Next, analysis on the importance and limitations of social responsibility willRead MoreThe Theory Of Corporate Social Responsibility7407 Words   |  30 Pagesaccountability beyond the standard agency theory (limited liability of shareholders for the company’s violations or breach and the company’s main accountability being towards its shareholders and investors only) to the stakeholder theory (company’s accountability towards a broad range of stakeholders, including employees, environment and local communities). The abovementioned stakeholder theory became central to the theory of corporate social responsibility in many areas, but above all, in the areaRead MoreThe Theory Of Social Responsibility1673 Words   |  7 PagesThe pattern of social responsibility will be demonstrated in this paper by noting a couple inquiries encompassing the thought and routine of social responsibility. The paper will start with characterizing the idea of social responsibility and noting the accompanying inquiries: What does Cohen feel is the social responsibility of a business to its workers, stakeholders, and society as a whole? How does this perspective align with that of Drucker? How does Cohen’s opinion compare with that of FriedmanRead MoreMedia Ethics, The Authoritarian Theory And Social Responsibility Theory Essay1076 Words   |  5 Pagesand its responsibilities, in this paper I am going to have a debate about the responsibilities of the media to the public and how we should be watchful of the information we taking part in. There is two main theories in media ethics, the authoritarian theory and Social responsibility theory. The authoritarian theory press was seen as a very controlling tool, and those in authority used it to convey only that information that they wanted the public to know. Social responsibility theory of mediaRead MoreEthical Theories And Corporate Social Responsibility1853 Words   |  8 Pages 4.0 Ethical Analysis In this section, I will explain traditional and contemporary ethical theories, corporate social responsibility, governance and leadership, sustainability, globalisation, managing business ethics and the impact of changing business environment on corporate social responsibility. 4.1 Traditional Contemporary Ethical Theories and Corporate Social Responsibility Corporate Citizenship Traditional ethic starts from ancient Greeks to the ethics of Christianity. It supposes thatRead MoreShareholder Wealth Maximization And Corporate Social Responsibility Theories1955 Words   |  8 PagesViewpoints Of Shareholder Wealth maximization And Corporate Social Responsibility Theories â€Å"Sell a stock rather than try to change the company’s policy.† Introduction Are the goals of globalization, the primary driving force for international economic and financial development, best supported by the paradigms of shareholder wealth maximization or do they match the ideas of corporate social welfare as exemplified by Catholic social teaching? Globalization in the modern day is impacting each andRead MoreEssay on Friedman vs Freeman827 Words   |  4 Pagessuch questions. The first one is Milton Friedman’s shareholder theory of management and the second one is Edwards Freeman’s â€Å"Stakeholder† theory of management, two different views about the purpose and aims of a business. Milton Friedman’s shareholder theory of management says that the purpose of a business is to make money for the owner or the stockholders of the business. Friedman says that there is only one social responsibility for the business: to use its resources in order to increase its

Cross Cultural Conflict A Multi Cultural Workforce Essay

Cross-cultural conflict is important in a multi-cultural workforce. In a globalized world conflict appears to occur frequently. Several things are thought to be correlated with I.C (Interpersonal Conflict) among diverse groups and cultures. Culture has a direct effect and mediated effect on conflict behavior. Face concerns among parent and sibling in Germany, Japan, Mexico, and U.S were examined by researchers. They collected answers from 449 participants among these four groups (Oatzel et al.2003). The sample was drawn from students 450 females and 300 males with mean age 21.54, SD 3.76. It studied face concern and conflict style relationship. Self-Face is associated positively with dominating conflict styles. Other-Face associated with avoiding conflict styles. Results showed that Dominating Styles were self-face and concerned with one s own image. Other-Face is concerned with other s image. Of the demographic groups that participated Other-Face Styles are higher in China, Japan, S outh Korea, Taiwan. Cultural Individualism-Collectivism had direct effects on conflict styles. Avoiding conflict, integrating, obliging are higher among Chinese students face concerns, American western students have a dominating style of face concern and more individualist. Similar results were analyzed in a different survey among journalist and Journalism students in China. The research was done by (Pan Chan 2003) it studies Journalistic Paradigm, Chinese Media, and media reforms. TheShow MoreRelatedEssay on Uop Ethics/316 Week 5 Cross Cultural Perspectives1340 Words   |  6 PagesCross Cultural Perspectives Brian K ETH/316 December 21, 2012 Cross Cultural Perspectives Ethics are the product of a society’s culture so it is natural there will be different responses to similar ethical scenarios. Beekum, Stedam, and Yamamura (2003) suggest these differing conclusions will lead to conflict where one side perceives the outcome is ethical whereas the other does not. Another possible outcome is that one side may not even see a decision even being morally significantRead MoreCharacteristics of a Global Business Leader1098 Words   |  5 Pagescharacteristics and practices that may assist multinational organizations retain their workforce and boost their morale and team spirit. This paper will also examine views regarding the characteristics and practices necessary for global leaders to successfully manage within the global virtual team environment One of the fastest-growing, high-tech office trends today is ‘virtual teams’. These teams cross time, space, and cultural boundaries and do so effectively with the use of technology. When MarshallRead MoreDynamic Globalized Business Has Changed Managers Job1160 Words   |  5 Pagesissues, such as managing change, managing multi-cultural workers and managing subsidiary. Managers’ job can be described into three categories, which are function, roles and skills. The changes of managers’ jobs have changed the functions, roles, and skills of managers become more complicated and hard. This essay will first define the term of globalization. Then it will focus on three dimensions, which are dynamic change, managing cross-cultural workforce and supervising subsidiary to describe managers’Read MoreCultural Competency And Social Work Practice1098 Words   |  5 PagesThe BusinessDictionary.com defines cultural competency as, â€Å"A set of behaviors, policies, and attitudes which form a system or agency which allows cross-cultural groups to effectively work professionally in situations. This includes human behaviors, languages, communications, actions, values, religious beliefs, social groups, and ethic perceptions. Individuals are competent to function on their own and within an organization where multi-cultural situations will be present† (2016). Our communitiesRead MoreCommunication Is the Main Essence of Knowledge and Understanding. the Emphasis on Cross Cultural Communication Has Increased Due to the Ever Growing Global Environment, of Which, This Case Is a Perfect Example. Canadian1494 Words   |  6 Pagesmain essence of knowledge and understanding. The emphasis on cross cultural communication has increased due to the ever growing global environment, of which, this case is a perfect example. Canadian Bank of Nova Scotia increased their share in Inverlat, the Mexican Bank to 54% and took control of the management. Soon after that, BNS started the restructuring process of Inverlat and sent a team of Canadian managers to Mexico. Cross cultural communications was a major issue between Canadians and MexicansRead MoreFour Approaches to International Staffing- Microsoft and Red Cross1343 Words   |  6 Pagesadvantages and disadvantages. The globalisation of the world’s business economy has been particularly significant, resulting in an increase in the importance of, and interest in, international human resourcing. The international company is a type of multi-unit business organisation, which has a corporate centre in its home and its business units located in various host countries. International HRM distinguishes itself from domestic HRM primarily by having to deal with greater complexity, large amountRead MoreBehavioral Differences Of Multicultural Team Working With Models Of National Cultural Differences1481 Words   |  6 Pagesdiffers from country to country at some extent. National cultural differences is the top reason why an alarming rate of up to 70% of joint ventures fail (www.ugmconsulting.com). Also, it is of vital importance when dealing with cross-border management issues. Therefore, this reflective essay aims to critically evaluate four related topics: how to explain behavioral differences in multicultural team-working with models of national cultural differences; reflection on the strengths and weaknesses ofRead MoreCultural Diversity And The Perspectives From Manager s Competences And Leadership Style2497 Words   |  10 PagesThis essay is in the area of workforce diversity, specifically cultural diversity. The purpose of this essay is to critically examine cultural diversity with the perspectives from manager’s competences and leadership style. Therefore, this essay will critically examine the workforce diversity concept and the implications of leadership, competencies and management. Several of strategies available for managers to deal with diversity in the workplace will be discussed. There are many types of leadershipRead MoreBlending of Generations in the Workplace1107 Words   |  5 Pagesrespect for others ideas and input is more critical than ever. Understanding and appreciating one anothers perspective has always been the key to good teamwork. But in todays multi-generational workplace, an organizations success could depend on it. To understand fully what generations are currently in play in the workforce let us start by defining the generations. Baby Boomers are defined as the group of people born from approximately 1946 – 1963. They welcome team-based work, especially asRead MoreManaging Diversity Through Human Resource Management1056 Words   |  5 Pagesidentify key areas for future research and guide practitioners to formulate and implement diversity appropriately. A diverse workforce comprises a multitude of beliefs, understandings, values, ways of viewing the world, and unique information. Rapid internationalization and globalization has enhanced the significance of workforce diversity via cross cultural and multi cultural exchange. Major Issues amp; Objectives of HR Diversity Management Effective diversity first started to avoid legal offense

MITHRIDATE Argumentative Essay Example For Students

MITHRIDATE Argumentative Essay A monologue from the play by Jean Racine NOTE: This monologue is reprinted from The Dramatic Works of Jean Racine. Trans. Robert Bruce Boswell. London: George Bell and Sons, 1911. MONIMA: I cannot keep the secret longer,My sorrow is too violent for silence.Tho Dutys stern decree condemns my tongue,Yet must I violate her harsh commands,And utter for the first time and the lastThe language of my heart. Long have you loved me,Long has an equal tenderness for youMoved me with sad concern. Retrace the timeWhen first you ownd affection for these charmsUnworthy of your praise, the short-lived hope,The trouble that your fathers passion raised,Tortured to lose me and to see him blest,To bow to duty when your heart was torn.You cannot, Prince, recall those memoriesWithout repeating in your own misfortunesMy story too; and, when I heard this morningYour tale, my heart responded to it all.Futile or rather fatal sympathy!Union too perfect to be realized!Ah! with what cruel care did Heavn entwineTwo hearts it never destined for each other!For, howsoeer my heart is drawn to yours,I tell you once for all, where Honour leadsI needs must follow, even to the altar,To swear to yo u an everlasting silence.I hear you groan: but, miserable fate,Your father claims me, I may neer be yours.You must yourself support my feeble will,And help me from my heart to banish you;Let me at least rely upon your kindnessMy presence to avoid henceforth for ever.Have I not said enough, Sir, to persuade youHow many reasons urge you to obey me?After this moment, if that gallant heartHas ever felt true love for Monima,I will not recognize its loyaltySave by the care you take to shun me always.

War is Peace Perceptual and Societal Death and Rebirth in William Shakespeares, King Lear Essay Example

War is Peace: Perceptual and Societal Death and Rebirth in William Shakespeares, King Lear Essay In William Shakespeares classic tragedy, King Lear, certain characters flawed sense of perception allows the fundamental structures of reality to be completely turned upside-down and gives shape to the plays holistic metaphor of a life cycle in ultimate death and rebirth. The world created for King Lears story is one where the idea of perception weighs heavily on every action and every move made the characters. False realities allow ostensible evil to perpetuate itself. The very fact that the plays overarching metaphor envelopes the death and rebirth of certain perceptions symbolizes that in the world within the play, one perceives another is king. Furthermore, within the world of King Lear, the instruments used to stimulate such rebirths of perception are natural and uncontrollable. Whether it be a natural and uncontrollable physical ailment such as blindness or insanity, or something as natural as the weather, only pure naturals that are unable to be manipulated by the perpetuators of these false realities can break these false perceptions, beginning the life cycle again. The idea of a natural stimulus only further qualifies this metaphor. Under the blanket theme of perception and the overarching interpretation of King Lear as a story of death and rebirth comes the often-used motif of vision. Sight and blindness in the literal sense, as well as the metaphorical sense, plays a large role in the greater theme of perception and helps to craft the death/rebirth metaphor of the play through the characters Lear and Gloucester. The reader can see these themes portrayed and embodied within the two main characters withthe largest perceptual ailments: Lear and Gloucester. We will write a custom essay sample on War is Peace: Perceptual and Societal Death and Rebirth in William Shakespeares, King Lear specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on War is Peace: Perceptual and Societal Death and Rebirth in William Shakespeares, King Lear specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on War is Peace: Perceptual and Societal Death and Rebirth in William Shakespeares, King Lear specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The very beginnings of Lears false reality start to aggravate him from the start of the play. In Act 1, Scene 1 Lear divides his kingdom among his two obedient daughters, Goneril and Regan. Cordelia, the honest daughter, is banished along with the Earl of Kent for attempting to stick up for her. This instance alone perfectly portrays one of the ways in which Lear views the world. Lear speaks of Cordelia, with those infirmities she owes,/ unfriended, new-adpoted to our hate, /dowered with our curse and strangered with our oath (I. i, 231-234). This shows that he thinks of her to be dishonest and uses adoption and dowry imagery to further outline her ostensible betrayal. Because Lear was told he was wise from birth, his perceptions of reality are quite warped. The idea of vision appears here because Lear is unable to see Goneril and Regan for what they really are: disloyal. He is unable to view his devoted followers, Kent and Cordelia, for what they really are as well. Ironically enough, Kent later returns to Lear in disguise and is welcomed as Lears new right-hand man. This is another perfect example of Lears false perceptions affecting his better judgment. He trusts a complete stranger and banishes a loyal friend; although, unbeknownst to him, they are one and the same. In this instance, it happens to work towards Lears advantage, driving him closer to rebirth. Since Lear is driven to a revival despite these false pretenses, undying loyalty and friendship are portrayed as completely natural occurrences, even if the recipient is blind to them at the time. In the very next act, the Earl of Gloucester parallels King Lears behavior of the first act almost exactly, showing the audience a dramatic representation of his own perceptual ailment. Just as Lear was blind to the truth about his daughters, Gloucester is blind to the truth about his sons. In Act 2, Scene 1 Edmund, Gloucesters illegitimate son, not only convinces the legitimate heir to flee from the castle through lies and duplicity but uses the same means to convince Gloucester to have Edgar found and murdered. In this scene, we can see that Gloucester lives in a false reality similar to Lears-a reality perpetrated by lies, betrayal and arguably, evil. Gloucester speaks, O strange and fastened villain! / Would he deny this letter said he? I never got him. (II. ii 89-91). He shares the same visual ailment of blindness to the truth of his world and the true characters of others. As Lears loyal follower, Kent, returned in disguise to aid Lear on the road to perceptual death and rebirth, Gloucesters loyal and loving son, Edgar, initiates the exact same process for Gloucester. Lear and Gloucesters physical manifestations of their inner ailments differ; as do the means their loving counterparts used to take them to the edge and back, but they both do reach the end of their false reality. Nature, backed by love and tragedy, crack their perceptions wide open come the middle of the play. In Act 3, Lear begins to descend much further into insanity. As he is kicked out of both Goneril and Regans castles, he flees into a tremendous storm with his fool in a fit of absolute rage. As the storm progresses in Act 3, Lear grows more and more insane. The raging tempest here mirrors the state of Lears mind and the turmoil his life has become since he has given away his kingdom and crown to his treacherous daughters. His flaw in perception has simply cost him too much. Lear screams, Blow winds, and crack your cheeks! Rage, blow! / You cataracts, spout/ till you have drenched our steeples drowned the/ cocks Crack natures molds, all germens spill at once that makes ingrateful man. (III. ii. 1-11) In this passage, using incredibly natural imagery Lear almost personifies his inner battle by challenging the storm itself. Lears own insanity and the tempest outside are the naturals that bring his perceptions to a breaking point. As this shattered man becomes madder and madder, he continues to beckon the storm to give him its best shot. He is then led to a hovel by Kent and later to a safe house by Gloucester who, sinking further into his own false reality by trusting Edmund with pertinent information, helps to remove Lear from his respective false reality. Gloucester tells Edgar (disguised as poor Tom) to remove Lear from the situation and take him to the French camp in Dover to be with Cordelia. In Scene 4, Lears madness progresses as he comes closer and closer to his own perceptual rebirth as he exclaims, Thuo thinkst much that this contentious storm/ invades us to the skin. So tis thee. But where the greater malady is fixed,/ the lesser scarce is felt (III. iv. 8-11) and, O, that way madness lies. Let me shut that;/ No more of that (III. iv. 24-25). He then removes himself from the safe shelter that his loyal friends Kent and Gloucester have found for him and tears the clothes off of his body screaming, Thou art the thing itself; unaccommodated/ man is no more but such a poor, bare,/ forked animal as thou art. Off, off, you lendings! /; Come, unbutton here (III. iv. 113-116). He then rages through the storm alone and completely naked, defying the elements. Meanwhile, a war is brooding between England and France; Lears loyal Cordelia is wed to Frances King who plans to invade England shortly. In Act 3, Lear has finally reached his perceptual death and rebirth. As the storm represents his inner mind, he literally battles it bare to the skin. He faces his own demons and puts himself on the edge of death at the hands of nature itself. Lear reverts himself to an almost too obvious metaphor for a man reborn as he strips naked and thunders against his personal evils as he realized himself earlier A man more sinned against than sinning (III. ii. 62-63). As he finishes waging this individualists war, it is made symbolically known that his false reality has been cracked by nature and his perception has died and is being reborn while Edgar carries him to Dover. Edgar, in this play, represents a normative figure a figure of love and loyalty that is represented in the world of the play as something natural. Lear rests in the arms of such a character and is carried to the city of Dover, the literal edge of England, looking out onto the ocean. At these natural boundaries, they have reached the metaphorical edge of sanity and where they will both begin again. The journey continues to bring Lear to Cordelia, the figure of honesty and forgiveness in the play, who is also the representation of the edge of truth and the possibility for new life. In Act 3, Scene 6 Lear, in his incredible madness, puts Goneril and Regan on trial in his mind for their outrageous betrayal, showing an acceptance of a very sane truth, albeit taking an insane road to get there. But, in Lears world, the natural ailment of insanity is part of the means that breaks the somewhat unnatural false reality hed been living in, perpetuated by the warped perceptions of his surroundings. At the end of Act Three, Lear can see again. In Edgars arms en route to Dover, he can truly see that what is happening is real, and he understands the reasons for these occurrences. Lear exclaims, Draw the curtains. / So, so, well go to supper I th/ morning (III. vi. 89-90). Here he validates the end of a scene, so to speak, as his own battle has ended. In Act Four, the motif of vision and sight shape the theme of perception an incredible level through the characters Gloucester and Edgar. The idea of perception helping to make the overall theme of death and rebirth in the play is extremely apparent in act 4, scene 6. Earlier in the act, Gloucester is literally blinded by the Duke of Cornwall, Goneril and Regan at the orders of his son, Edmund for his treason in helping Lear. These are some of the same people who had kept Gloucester figuratively blind to truth and reality for so long through intangible treachery. Now that Gloucester is physically blind, he stumbles upon Edgar (disguised as poor Tom) who agrees to lead Gloucester to a Dover cliff where he will jump to his death. Here, Edgar plays with his fathers perceptions to no end, to trick him into thinking he is jumping off of the cliff when they are actually on flat ground. . In this scene we see Edgar completely toying with Gloucesters perceptions as he says, Youre much deceived; in nothing am I changed but in my garments (IV. Vi. 12-13). He convinces Gloucester they are on a hill by telling him they are laboring, and blaming his literal blindness for the deafening of his hearing to the ocean roaring below. Then between lines 15 and 30 he describes the buoy out in the distance, the fisherman as small as an ant and an image of being above the seagulls. Edgar is using all natural imagery in this scene to coax his father into a perceived suicide in order to cure him from his despair. This scene uses a literal perceptual death as Edgar leads his father up to a natural, perceived cliff that doesnt really exist (mirroring his false realities as they were) and letting him believe he has jumped off of it when he keels over on flat ground. At the bottom of this perceived cliff Edgar (in a new disguise) makes him believe that poor Tom was a demon, and the only way he could have survived that fall was through divine intervention by saying, Think that the clearest gods, who make them honors/ of mens impossibilities, have preserved thee (IV. Vi. 90-91). He again, then, goes through a manipulating description of the cliff and birds above, all natural images, to bring his father to cure for the time being. There is nothing more natural in life than death, so as Edgar uses the perceptual suicide to attempt to cure his father from his false realities and despair, it further proliferates the idea of only pure elements of life are strong enough to start the metaphoric life cycle in motion. Lear and Gloucester have now been effectively reborn and completed their own perceptual life cycles that help to build the plays main death and rebirth: a societal rebirth. Now Lear waxes philosophically in Act 4, Scene 6, speaking more sanely and with more realism than anyone else, anywhere else in the play. A man may see how this world/ goes with no eyes. Look with thine ears. See how/ yond justice rails upon yond simple thief (IV. vi. 165-168). He then goes to oscillate almost haphazardly between images of life and death including an actual image of lamenting birth to come to this great stage of fools. This is intriguing because, although it is at the height of his madness, it is after his proposed rebirth and in a rational mind an ailment such as insanity should ostensibly distort reality and perception. Yet, in Lears case, the effect is exactly the opposite. Gloucester too, now completely blind, sees the world feelingly. Just as Lear, he sees and understands more than he ever has and more than most/all other characters in the play. In Act Five of the play, the life cycle(s) is completed on many different levels. Lear has already been reunited with Cordelia, the heavenly figure of forgiveness in the play. Gloucester dies effectively of a broken heart as he is torn between joy and grief after learning and accepting his sorrows in Act 4 as his personal life cycle comes to a close. Lear and Cordelia are incarcerated after the battle with France ends and Cordelia dies first. Then, as the Duke of Albany is making plans to restore order to the Kingdom, Lear himself dies as his personal life cycle has ended. The only surviving characters are Kent, Edgar, and the Duke of Albany. The Duke of Albany survives as the one normative, pseudo-monarchical character to act as the political figure in the new world. Hence, a completely new society is birthed as the story of Lear comes to a close. Kent and Edgar, the catalysts for Lear and Gloucesters perceptual rebirths further the connection between sight and perception in the play by utilizing false visual pretenses. Yet they remain the loyal, honorable figures of the play, and manage to survive. Their survival symbolizes and edifies the idea that perception in any vein shapes the larger themes in life, death, and rebirth. The interesting thing about the overarching, societal life cycle at work in this play is that it really does circumvent. By the end of the play, the entire social structure of Lears world evaporates and a new foundation is born to take its place. The catalyst for the societal and overriding rebirth of the play is not only perception embodied by two of the main characters, but the war between France and England. The fact that the impending war is a major motif of action entwining with and inflicting on the general theme of perception is something that breeds thought. The correspondence of letters between treacherous parties ultimately falling into the wrong hands proves to be either major proliferators or ultimate destroyers of certain characters false realities. The use of the war as a device in the play is incredibly fascinating because it even overarches the theme of perception because war itself can change perception. This fact leads me to conclude that the author may have seen war as something as inevitable within peace as death is within life. As individual characters have their own perceptual rebirths, the catalysts being completely natural, the political society and the world of Lear also had its rebirth with its catalyst being not only a shine of reality, but also the absolute war between France and England. Thus, war is portrayed not only as an inevitability in the cycle, but also as an incredibly natural piece of reality. War is shown to change perception and shed light where darkness lies and to stimulate the societal cycle of a complete rebirth of values, ethics and politics. The idea of literal and metaphorical vision and sight in terms of perception helps to absolutely shape the overarching death/rebirth metaphor at work in King Lear as we can see by exploring the language within the text itself. Through Lear and Gloucesters characters we see how literal sight coincides with metaphorical sight and how their individual perceptions alter in co ordinance with their individual rebirths. We also see how they, in turn, play a significant role in the ultimate death and rebirth of society and the world created within the play itself. The idea of war, battle, and correspondence plays a large role in shaping the plays overall metaphor as well, but those themes also overlap with the larger theme of ones perceptions and false realities along with the idea that only pure naturals yield the power to change these perceptions or crack the aforementioned false realities. King Lear, as a play, explores many aspects of the human mind, and, as it could be argued to be Shakespeares most perceptually based work it is way ahead of its time. Although one might literally be able to see what is apparent, directly in front of their eyes, they may falter in seeing truth in a situation, and as seen through Gloucesters rebirth, this idea works both ways. The play as a whole makes the idea of perception an extremely important one as it is the thread that connects motif to metaphor in more than one sense. The society within the play can be seen as almost allegorical, or at least bearing some connection to the reality we live in as it is quite cyclic. The fact that these seemingly cyclical motifs within the play help to shape the overall metaphor of a cycle itself, whatever it may be, may lead the reader to look at the cycles in his or her own life and to see the overriding truth that seeps out of William Shakespeares, King Lear.